Members of the Organisation of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) struck a deal on Tuesday to restrict subsidies used to export technology for coal-fired power plants, ending months of wrangling.
Representatives of the world’s richest countries agreed a deal to end export credits for inefficient coal plant technology to take effect from Jan. 1, 2017, with a review in 2019 that could allow the deal to be strengthened.
This week’s talks at the Paris-based OECD were viewed as a final chance to end export credits for coal, the most polluting of fossil fuels, before the two-week United Nations climate summit on a global deal to curb climate change begins on Nov. 30, also in Paris.
“This is the first time these guys have significantly constrained their financing of coal-fired power plants,” said Jake Schmidt, international policy director for the Natural Resources Defense Council.
While the United States already restricted coal technology exports, the new OECD agreement would force countries like Japan and South Korea to limit theirs for the first time. The European Union plans to end domestic coal subsidies by 2018.
Japan, wary of regional competition from China, had been at the vanguard of opposition to phasing out coal export credits that benefit companies such as Toshiba Corp.
But prospects for a deal improved after Japan agreed to a compromise proposal with the United States last month.
Tuesday’s deal modified that agreement and would limit lending for coal plants to the most efficient coal-fired power plants using ultra-supercritical technology.
A compromise provision tabled by South Korea and Australia added an exception to allow the construction of smaller, less efficient “supercritical” coal plants of up to 500 megawatts in developing countries.
It would allow some exemptions in emerging economies where up to 90 per cent of the country has electricity access, including India, Indonesia, the Philippines and South Africa.
“The agreement is a victory for multilateral efforts to address climate change though it’s a limited victory,” said Steve Herz of the Sierra Club, adding that countries like Korea, Japan and Australia “continue to put their interests ahead of global cooperation.”
He added that the deal has the potential to remove around 850 previously eligible coal plant projects out of the global pipeline.
The coal industry has said coal is still a necessary energy source, especially in poor countries that have few other options.
At a meeting in Turkey this week, leaders of the world’s largest economies, the G20, reaffirmed their commitment “to rationalise and phase out inefficient fossil fuel subsidies”.
