Despite calls for mediation, the grouping has remained fragmented, highlighting its role as a ‘club’ like the G7 rather than a forum for collective action.. By Carlos Frederico Pereira da Silva Gama

The Covid-19 pandemic and the wars in Ukraine and Iran have reframed the issue of sustainability, which is now as much about sovereignty and economic security as it is about planetary health. Countries and companies that fail to recognise this have everything to lose in the coming years. By Bruno Bouygues and Bertrand Badré

While tensions around the Strait of Hormuz are rattling global oil markets, energy security is no longer defined solely by access to fossil fuels. What China has understood, and Europe has not, is that security now depends on electricity systems that can deliver low-cost power at scale and support heavy industry. By Emmanuel Guérin

Instead of allowing external powers to dictate their development, China, India, Japan, South Korea, and Vietnam have balanced strategic international engagement with domestic capacity-building and decision-making. This model has become newly relevant for Canada, the United Kingdom, and other middle powers. By Ashok Lavasa and Roli Asthana